The Planck Hypothesis
In order to explain the frequency distribution of radiation from a hot cavity (blackbody radiation) Planck proposed the ad hoc assumption that the radiant energy could exist only in discrete quanta which were proportional to the frequency. This would imply that higher modes would be less populated and avoid the ultraviolet catastrophe of the Rayleigh-Jeans Law.The quantum idea was soon seized to explain the photoelectric effect, became part of the Bohr theory of discrete atomic spectra, and quickly became part of the foundation of modern quantum theory.
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